Unraveling the Complexities of Mast Cells in Health and Disease

https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/7/3791/pdf

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 3791. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25073791. Published: 28 March 2024

Davide Firinu (Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy)

Editorial

As we draw the curtain on this Special Issue dedicated to the intricate roles of mast cells (MCs) in health and disease, we reflect on the insights garnered from the array of research articles featured within the published papers of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS). Each manuscript contributes significantly to our evolving comprehension of MC biology and its implications across various pathological contexts.

The investigation conducted by Tsukada et al. [1] presents a compelling correlation between elevated HbA1c levels and the phenotypic characteristics of mast cells within the infrapatellar fat pad of patients afflicted with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This exploration into the intricate interplay between diabetes mellitus (DM) and KOA pathogenesis underscores the nuanced molecular mechanisms linking metabolic dysregulation to inflammatory processes mediated by mast cells within the joint microenvironment.

Similarly, the study by Rijavec et al. [ 2 ] delves into the enigmatic landscape of mast cell disorders, shedding light on the potential implications of mastocytosis in a series of fatal hymenoptera-venom-triggered anaphylaxis. Through examination of clinical data and mast cell clonality assays, this study underscores the importance of recognizing and managing clonal mast cell disorders in the context of severe allergic reactions, thus advocating for improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Furthermore, the exploration undertaken by Serrao et al. [ 3] provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of systemic mastocytosis, unveiling the interactome of salivary cystatin D in patients afflicted with this rare clonal disorder. By elucidating the intricate molecular interactions underlying mast cell dysregulation, this study not only advances our understanding of mastocytosis but also identifies potential preliminary salivary biomarkers

for disease diagnosis.

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